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Crouch, N.R., Klopper, R.R., Burrows, J.E. & Burrows, S.M. (2011) Ferns of Southern Africa, A comprehensive guide Struik Nature
Jacobsen, W.B.G. (1983) The Ferns and Fern Allies of Southern Africa. Butterworths, Durban and Pretoria.
Roux, J.P. (2001) Conspectus of Southern African Pteridophyta. Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report 13
Schelpe, E.A.C.L.E. (1970) Pteridophyta Flora Zambesiaca
Large terrestrial, perennial ferns. Rhizome erect, large, roots fleshy covered in fleshy persistent outgrows. Stipe with persistent fleshy stipules and a basal swelling (pulvinus). Fronds large, numerous, tufted, 2-pinnate, basiscopically developed; secondary rhachis with a basal pulvinus; veins simple or forked, free. Indumentum composed of simple uniseriate or branched hairs, and short-stalked, slender scales occurring along the axes. Sporangia large, clustered in double rows near vein endings on underside of frond, free or fused into elongate bivalved group of synangia; without an indusium, homosporous. Worldwide: Tropical and warm areas; 6 genera and c. 150 species. DRC: 1 genus and 0 taxa. |
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| Ptisana Murdock | Description |
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